What is Cache?

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A cache is a reserved storage location that collects temporary data to help websites, browsers, and apps load faster. A cache makes it easy to quickly retrieve data, which in turn helps devices run faster. It acts like a memory bank, making it easy to access data locally instead of re-downloading it every time you visit a website or open an app.
 
Cache refers to a component or mechanism used in computing systems to store frequently accessed data temporarily, with the aim of speeding up future access to that data. It acts as a high-speed storage area that stores copies of frequently accessed data or instructions, allowing the computer to retrieve them quickly when needed, without having to access slower primary storage such as RAM or hard disk drives.

Caches are utilized at various levels within a computing system, including:
  1. CPU Cache: Located directly on the CPU chip, CPU caches store frequently accessed instructions and data from main memory (RAM). They come in different levels, such as L1, L2, and L3 caches, with each level offering varying sizes and speeds of access.
  2. Web Browser Cache: Web browsers utilize a cache to store copies of web pages, images, and other web content locally on the user's device. This helps speed up the loading of previously visited websites by retrieving data from the cache rather than re-downloading it from the internet.
  3. Operating System Cache: Operating systems often employ caches to store frequently accessed system files and data, such as directory listings, file system metadata, and recently used applications. This helps improve overall system performance by reducing disk access times.
  4. DNS Cache: Domain Name System (DNS) caches store recently resolved domain name-to-IP address mappings, allowing quicker resolution of domain names to IP addresses for subsequent requests.
Caching strategies aim to optimize performance by reducing latency and improving throughput, particularly for tasks that involve repeated access to the same data or instructions. However, cache effectiveness depends on factors such as cache size, cache management policies, and the access patterns of the data being cached.

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